Opened in 1856, this smallpox hospital on the southern tip of Blackwell's Island (now Roosevelt Island) was part of a multitude of public institutions to care for New York City's unfortunate and destitute. The island sits between Queens and Manhattan, and was easily accessible by ferry; it was home to a prison, insane asylum, and other similar facilities.As of 1872, an annual number of 7,000 patients were treated, with an average of 450 deaths. The island was renamed Welfare Island in 1921,...